Hematuria

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Causes

Many conditions are associated with hematuria. The most common causes include the following:

• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; enlarged prostate) in men over 40
• Kidney stones and bladder stones
• Kidney disease
• Medications (e.g., quinine, rifampin, phenytoin)
• Prostate infection or inflammation (prostatitis)
• Trauma (e.g., a blow to the kidneys)
• Tumors and/or cancer in the urinary system
• Urinary tract blockages
• Viral infections of the urinary tract and sexually transmitted diseases, particularly in women

There are rare diseases and genetic disorders that also cause hematuria. Some of these are:

• Sickle cell anemia (inherited blood disorder)
  
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus; chronic inflammatory disorder of connective tissue)
  
• von Hippel-Landau disease (hereditary disease in which benign tumors form on the spinal cord, kidneys, testicles, and other organs)
  

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